概率语言多属性群决策方法及其在新型智慧城市市民获得感评价中的应用

针对公众参与的语言信息多属性群决策问题，研究了考虑参与者满意度的概率语言多属性群决策方法。首先，根据参与者的语言评价信息确定并规范化概率语言决策矩阵。然后，对大群体进行共识分析，由最大化参与者群体的满意度构建线性规划模型，确定参与者群组的权重；构造正、负理想方案的评价向量，构建多目标规划模型，用拉格朗日乘子法求解属性权重；定义各方案的加权贴近度，并以此对方案进行排序和优选。最后，通过新型智慧城市市民获得感评价案例验证了模型的可行性和有效性。     

Advantage of Quantum Theory over Nonclassical Models of Communication

Quantum correlations provide dramatic advantage over the corresponding classical resources in several communication tasks. However, a broad class of probabilistic theories exists that attributes greater success than quantum theory in many of these tasks by allowing supra-quantum correlations in “space-like” and/or “time-like” paradigms. In this letter, a communication task involving three spatially separated parties is proposed where one party (verifier) aims to verify whether the bit strings possessed by the other two parties (terminals) are equal or not. This task is called authentication with limited communication, the restrictions on communication being: i) the terminals cannot communicate with each other, but (ii) each of them can communicate with the verifier through single use of channels with limited capacity. Manifestly, classical resources are not sufficient for perfect success of this task. Moreover, it is also not possible to perform this task with certainty in several nonclassical theories although they might possess stronger “space-like” and/or “time-like” correlations. Surprisingly, quantum resources can achieve the perfect winning strategy. The proposed task thus stands apart from all previously known communication tasks as it exhibits quantum advantage over other nonclassical strategies.     

The size Ramsey number of short subdivisions of bounded degree graphs

For graphs G and F, write if any coloring of the edges of G with colors yields a monochromatic copy of the graph F. Suppose is obtained from a graph S with s vertices and maximum degree d by subdividing its edges h times (that is, by replacing the edges of S by paths of length h + 1). We prove that there exists a graph G with no more than edges for which holds, provided that . We also extend this result to the case in which Q is a graph with maximum degree d on q vertices with the property that every pair of vertices of degree greater than 2 are distance at least h + 1 apart. This complements work of Pak regarding the size Ramsey number of “long subdivisions” of bounded degree graphs.     

MnWO4/生物质衍生碳纳米复合催化剂的制备及催化性能

通过共沉淀法合成了双金属氧化物MnWO₄镶嵌生物质衍生碳（MnWO₄/BC）纳米复合催化剂,并将其作为对电极（counter electrode,CE）催化剂组装了染料敏化太阳能电池（dye-sensitized solar cell,DSSC）,探究了MnWO₄/BC在非碘体系中的催化性能和光伏性能。结果表明：在铜氧化还原（Cu²⁺/Cu⁺）电对DSSC中获得的光电能量转换效率（power conversion efficiency,PCE）为3.57%（D35）和1.59%（Y123）,高于Pt电极的PCE（3.12%,1.16%）;50次连续循环伏安测试表明,MnWO₄/BC催化剂具有较好的电化学稳定性。     

A NEW TWO-POINT ADAPTIVENONLINEAR APPROXIMATION METHOD FOR RELIABILITY ANALYSIS

I. INTRODUCTION Reliability analysis is becoming increasingly important in structural design. Over the years, manyresearchers have been involved in the evaluation of failure probability and many methods have beenpresented for structural reliability anal…     

自紧身管临界裂纹尺寸的概率断裂力学研究

基于概率断裂力学理论和Mome Caflo模拟方法，本文进行了自紧身管临界裂纹尺寸的可靠性研究。自紧身管内表面的疲劳裂纹考虑为半椭圆形式。裂纹尖端处的应力强度因子由内压和自紧残余应力共同产生。自紧残余应力采用了符合身管材料具有强化和包辛格效应性能推导的公式计算，它产生的应力强度因子通过权函数方法得到。根据断裂准则，可计算出自紧身管的临界裂纹尺寸。实例分析表明，对数正态分布为临界裂纹尺寸的最佳分布，同时给出了在各种置信度和可靠度下自紧身管的临界裂纹尺寸。     

基于Hellinger-Reissner变分原理的应变梯度杂交元设计

从一般的偶应力理论出发，基于Hellinger-Reissner变分原理，通过对有限元 离散体系的位移试解引入非协调位移函数，得到了偶应力理论下有限元离散系统的能量相容 条件，并由此建立了应变梯度杂交元的应力函数优化条件. 根据该优化条件，构造了一 个C0类的平面4节点梯度杂交元，数值结果表明，该单元对可压缩和不可压缩状态的 梯度材料均可给出合理的数值结果，再现材料的尺度效应.     

RENEWAL OF BASIC LAWS AND PRINCIPLES FOR POLAR CONTINUUM THEORIES (Ⅲ) —NOETHER’S THEOREM

The existing various couple stress theories have been carefully restudied.The purpose is to propose a coupled Noether’s theorem and to reestablish rather complete conservation laws and balance equations for couple stress elastodynamics. The new concrete forms of various conservation laws of couple stress elasticity are derived. The precise nature of these conservation laws which result from the given invariance requirements are established. Various special cases are reduced and the results of micropolar continua may be naturally transited from the results presented in this paper.     

结构的非概率可靠性方法和概率可靠性方法的比较

对文[8]中提出的非概率可靠性方法和广泛使用的传统的概率可靠性方法，在建模思想、模型结构和基于可靠性的结构优化设计等方面进行了比较研究。进一步阐释了有关概念。得到了一些有益的结论。说明了非概率可靠性方法的有效性和实用性。由于非概率可靠性模型对已知数据的要求较低，计算过程较为简便，从而可使结构可靠性分析和设计中获取数据的难度大大降低。并有效降低计算工作量。在所掌握的原始数据较少的情况下，非概率可靠性方法为结构的可靠性计算提供了一种较好的选择。